For the following items，what is the mathematical relationship between the committed information  rate （CIR）， committed burst （Bc）， and committed rate measurement interval （Tc）？（）

When a BGP router is not capable of understanding 4-byte AS numbers， it will see 4-byte AS numbers as a special， reserved， 2-byte AS number in the AS path. Which 2-byte AS number is this reserved one？（）

Which statement is true of a source that wants to transmit multicast traffic to group 239.1.1.1？（）

What does the OSPF command capability vrf-lite achieve？（）

Which three protocols should be explicitly managed by using Control Plane Policing on an Internet border router？（）

An administrator of a peer-to-peer server application reports that the maximum bandwidth that his application receives is 90 Mb/s. You have an 8-port，100-Mb/s EtherChannel bundle on the switching infrastructure between the two servers， resulting in a bidirectional throughput of more than what is recorded. Which two solutions would allow for more bandwidth for the application？（）

What is the command to configure RSVP to reserve up to one-tenth of a Gigabit link， but only allow each individual flow to use 1 MB/s？（）

f a Cisco switch is configured with VTPv1 in transparent mode， what is done with received VTP advertisements？（）

Multicast is being deployed in the network， and only ip pim sparse-dense mode has been configured on all interfaces in the network to support a new video streaming application. No other multicast configuration was applied anywhere in the network. Since enabling multicast， the network monitoring tools show periodic spikes in link utilization throughout the network， even in areas where the video application is not being used. What could be a possible cause？（）

When two bridges are competing for the root bridge of an IEEE 802.1D spanning tree and both have the same bridge priority configured， which parameter determines the winner？（）