The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology.

Phonology

Pragmatics

Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings.

General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.

Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context.

Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time.

Syntax

Human capacity for language has a g（）basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned.